Technical Indicators – Bollinger Bands
Posted on 31. Jul, 2007 by admin in Technical Indicators
Bollinger bands were created by John Bollinger in the early 1980s. The bands have similar theory and application with the Moving Average Envelopes. It has a set of three curves, the typical parameters are:
- Middle Bollinger Band = 20-period simple moving average
- Upper Bollinger Band = Middle Bollinger Band + 2 * 20-period standard deviation
- Lower Bollinger Band = Middle Bollinger Band – 2 * 20-period standard deviation
The theory behind Bollinger Bands is that, in a normal distribution data set, 68% of data should fall within one standard deviation and that roughly 95% should fall within two standard deviations. So 95% of the price should fall within the 2-width standard deviation, which is within the upper and lower band.
Bollinger bands are often used to forecast reversals in rangebound markets. When the price is close to the upper band, the market is more likely to be in overbought condition, and is likely to reverse. The same holds for the lower band condition.
Because standard deviation is also a measure of volatility, traders can know the market condition by observing the Bollinger bandwidth. The bands widen, meaning moves further away from the middle band, when the market is more volatile. The bands contact, meaning moves closer to the middle band, when the market is less volatile.
The Bollinger bands are best to use in ranging markets, but are of limited value in trending markets. Traders are better to combine Bollinger bands with other technical indicators or candlestick patterns to determine a trade.
